「たら」- Expressing Hypothetical Conditions

Explanation

〜たら is used to express hypothetical conditions, describing the result that will occur if a certain condition is met.

Grammar Pattern

Deep Dive

〜たら is not only used for future hypothetical conditions but can also describe past hypotheticals and general assumptions. Its usage is highly flexible and adaptable to various contexts.

Future Hypothetical

• 明日あした明日あした雨あめ雨あめが降ふ降ふったら、試合しあい試合しあいは中止ちゅうし中止ちゅうしになります。

• Ashita ame ga futtara, shiai wa chuushi ni narimasu.

• If it rains tomorrow, the match will be canceled.
  
  

Past Hypothetical

• もしもあの時ときあの時とき、彼かれ彼かれに会あ会あったら、今いま今いまの私わたし私わたしは違ちが違ちがう人生じんせい人生じんせいを歩あゆ歩あゆんでいたかもしれません。

• Moshimo ano toki, kare ni attara, ima no watashi wa chigau jinsei o ayundeita kamoshiremasen.

• If I had met him back then, I might be living a different life now.
  
  

General Hypothetical

• もし私わたし私わたしが社長しゃちょう社長しゃちょうだったら、会社かいしゃ会社かいしゃの方針ほうしん方針ほうしんを変か変かえます。

• Moshi watashi ga shachou dattara, kaisha no houshin o kaemasu.

• If I were the president, I would change the company's policy.
  
  

Real-Life Scenarios

Here are some examples of real-life conversations:

• 彼かれ彼かれが来き来きたら、パーティーぱーてぃーパーティーぱーてぃーを始はじ始はじめましょう。

• Kare ga kitara, paatii o hajimemashou.

• Let's start the party once he arrives.
  
  

• 昼ご飯ひるごはん昼ご飯ひるごはんを食た食たべたら、図書館としょかん図書館としょかんに行い行いきます。

• Hirugohan o tabetara, toshokan ni ikimasu.

• After eating lunch, I'll go to the library.
  
  

Summary

〜たら is a highly flexible way to express hypothetical conditions. It can be used for future, past, and general assumptions, and it is important to distinguish it from similar grammar points.

〜たら - Expressing Unexpected Results

Explanation

〜たら is used to express that if a certain action or state occurs, the result is unexpected or different from what was anticipated. It often carries a tone of surprise or unexpectedness.

Grammar Pattern

Deep Dive

〜たら is not only used in everyday conversations but also in complex sentence structures. It is often used to express a hypothetical situation where the result is unexpected. This expression is very common in Japanese, especially when describing unexpected discoveries or sudden situations.

Examples

• ドアどあドアどあを開あ開あけたら、猫ねこ猫ねこがいた。

• Doa o aketara, neko ga ita.

• When I opened the door, there was a cat.
  
  

• 天気てんき天気てんきがいいと思おも思おもったら、突然とつぜん突然とつぜん雨あめ雨あめが降ふ降ふってきた。

• Tenki ga ii to omottara, totsuzen ame ga futte kita.

• I thought the weather was nice, but suddenly it started raining.
  
  

• 彼かれ彼かれに電話でんわ電話でんわしたら、もう出で出でかけていた。

• Kare ni denwa shitara, mou dekakete ita.

• When I called him, he had already left.
  
  

Comparison and Differences

• Difference between “〜たら” and “〜ば”:

  • 〜たら is used to express unexpected results, while 〜ば is more neutral, emphasizing the cause-and-effect relationship between the condition and the result.

  • Examples:

    • 彼かれ彼かれに会あ会あったら、話はな話はなしましょう。

    • Kare ni attara, hanashimashou.

    • If I see him, let's talk. (Unexpected discovery)
      
      

    • 彼かれ彼かれに会あ会あえば、話はな話はなしましょう。

    • Kare ni aeba, hanashimashou.

    • If I see him, let's talk. (Conditional relationship)
      
      

• Difference between “〜たら” and “〜なら”:

  • 〜なら is used to express hypothetical possibilities, while 〜たら emphasizes a specific hypothesis and its unexpected result.

  • Examples:

    • 時間じかん時間じかんがあったら、映画えいが映画えいがを見み見みましょう。

    • Jikan ga attara, eiga o mimashou.

    • If we have time, let's watch a movie. (Specific hypothesis)
      
      

    • 時間じかん時間じかんがあるなら、映画えいが映画えいがを見み見みましょう。

    • Jikan ga aru nara, eiga o mimashou.

    • If we have time, let's watch a movie. (Possibility)
      
      

Real-Life Scenarios

Here are some real-life conversation scenarios using 〜たら to express unexpected results:

Conversation 1:

• A: 昨日きのう昨日きのう、どこへ行い行いったの？

• A: Kinou, doko e itta no?

• Where did you go yesterday?
  
  

• B: 公園こうえん公園こうえんに行い行いったら、友達ともだち友達ともだちに会あ会あったよ。

• B: Kouen ni ittara, tomodachi ni atta yo.

• I went to the park and unexpectedly met a friend.
  
  

Conversation 2:

• A: 新あたら新あたらしいレストランれすとらんレストランれすとらんに行い行いった？

• A: Atarashii resutoran ni itta?

• Did you go to the new restaurant?
  
  

• B: うん、行い行いったらすごく混こん混こんんでいた。

• B: Un, ittara sugoku konde ita.

• Yes, when I went, it was really crowded.
  
  

Summary

〜たら is used to express hypothetical conditions with unexpected results, helping to describe surprising situations and enriching everyday conversations.